SI-FD (Signal Integrity Frequency Domain)

Home: SimulationSI FD Analysis

The aim of a SI-FD task is to analyze the frequency dependent S-Parameters from certain signal nets on one or more signal pins of I/O devices . The result of a SI-FD task is not an equivalent circuit that has to be further processed in a circuit simulation. The result is rather a set of S-Parameter curves from the related component pins. The figure below shows the corresponding dialog box:

 

 

Restrict pin list to active circuit signal pins:

The button is activated by default. This is due to the fact that this kind of analysis is performed on signal nets in combination with active I/O devices (see I/O Device Modeling). If the button is unchecked all components will be listed.

 

Only include pins of 'signal' type net classes:

The button allows a further restriction (see explanation above). If activated only pins connected to nets of net class type signal will be displayed. This prevents the user from getting pins which are not connected to fully specified nets.

 

The Available pins frame contains all pins to  which active I/O device models have been assigned  (see I/O Device Modeling). By default, all available components are expanded in order to display the corresponding pins. In order to collapse all pins from all components at once, the user has to right mouse click and press Collapse All inside the pull-down menu.

 

Excitations/ports frame

In order to define a S-Parameter task, the user has to select a certain pin inside the Available pins frame and shift the pin by using the right-direction arrow to the Excitations/ports frame (or by dragging it with the mouse). The program recognizes the corresponding net that the selected pin is connected to. Furthermore the program considers additional nets which are separated by passive 2-pin components (i.e. resistors) from the selected nets using the selection mechanism of the Selection Manager. Finally the program adds all pins of other components which are connected to the recognized nets and that I/O devices are assigned to (see I/O Device Modeling) :

 

 

In the figure above just pin IC100-C19 of net net7699 was shifted to the Excitations/ports frame by the user. The other net ADDR(5) was recognized by the program and the corresponding pins of the further components were entered automatically. In order to remove a certain pin (or group of pins), the pin has to be selected and shifted by using the left-direction arrow  (or by dragging it with the mouse).

 

Pin: Displays the pin which was either shifted from the Available pins frame by the user or added automatically by the program. The field can not be edited. Note: For this kind of analysis the current return path is assumed as ideal. Therefore, a single pin is sufficient to generate a port, since the reference pin is assumed as the ideal ground reference.

 

Net: Displays the corresponding net of the corresponding pin. The field can not be edited.

 

Termination: Allows the user to add a termination network between the pin and the connected net on the PCB from a predefined list (see I/O Device Modeling). This functionality is useful if the user wants to perform a quick what-if analysis without having to change any layout in the first place.

 

The Used nets/Used components frame displays all nets which were recognized by the program due to a certain pin selection (see left column). In addition, all passive two-pole components which are connected between the listed nets are displayed in the right column. The green square behind the component tells that a valid model has been already defined and the equivalent circuit for the whole signal path can be automatically completed.

 

 

 

Simulation settings frame: In order to set-up a complete S-Parameter analysis task the user has to define a couple of parameters:

 

Specials settings

Pressing the Specials... button opens a separate dialog box including the following parameters:

 

The Meshing Settings frame includes the following four parameters (see also 2DTL Meshing tab):

 

The Model Settings frame includes only one parameters (see also 2DTL Modeling tab):

 

The Simulation Settings frame includes only one parameter:

 

The whole set of S-Parameter for the pure differential mode, the pure common mode and the conversion from differential to common mode can be calculated within one simulation task by using two mode converter blocks as shown in the figure below:

 

 

 

Starting the calculation

Pressing the Start button starts the signal integrity analysis. This means, in a first step, the program will launch the 2DTL meshing and modelling process (see 2DTL). Afterwards, in a second step, a transient task including the complete circuit will be generated in CST DESIGN STUDIO and the circuit simulation will be started. Information on the status of the simulation process will be given in the Message Window. After the circuit simulation has finished the S-Parameter curves will be displayed in CST DESIGN STUDIO according to the listed pins inside the Excitations/ports frame.