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Transmission Line Designer > Grounded Coplanar Waveguide![[spacer]](1p.gif){kind=small}
Synthesis and Analysis• To synthesize grounded coplanar waveguide, the parameters (Z0, G, H, and ER) or (Z0, W, H and ER) must be entered prior to clicking the Synthesis button. The width, W, and W/D will be computed if G is entered and W is left empty, while G will be computed if W is entered and G is left empty. • For analysis, the parameters (W, G) or (W/D, G), H, Frequency and ER must be entered prior to clicking the Analysis button. The impedance, Z0, will be computed. • For now, the frequency is not taken into consideration, and thus it has no effect on the results other than the electrical length. • Conversion from electrical length, E, to physical length, P, can be performed by entering values for E and Frequency. Click Synthesis to compute P. Similarly, to convert from physical length to electrical length, enter values for P and Frequency, and click Analysis to compute E.
Dielectric SubstrateA dielectric substrate is defined by the parameters H, ER, and TAND. The substrate is assumed to be lossless unless TAND is specified to be greater than zero.
Conductor Metallization• Conductor specification is performed in the Metallization control group. If the conductor is not specified, the conductor loss is zero and no thickness corrections are made to the line’s propagation characteristics. Up to three conductors of different metals and thicknesses can be specified. Refer to the Metallization section for further information. • Metallization rms surface roughness, RGH, can be specified for additional conductor losses due to imperfect metal surfaces. RGH is specified in terms of rms variation from an ideal flat surface.
Sweep OptionsParameters that can be swept for the grounded coplanar waveguide are: Frequency The order shown is the order used to generate output data when multiple parameters swept simultaneously. Refer to the Sweep Entries section for further information.
LimitationsTo maintain accuracy, the following limitations should be followed:, where λg is the guide wavelength
ExampleTo select the grounded coplanar waveguide medium, select TRL on the Product menu and select Grounded Coplanar Waveguide. Set the units to mm and GHz. We will use the following parameters for synthesizing a 50-ohm line: Impedance, Z0: 50 ohms Frequency: 10 GHz Gap, G: 0.5 mm Substrate thickness, H: 0.635 mm Upper height, HU: 5.0 mm Dielectric constant, ER: 9.8 Dielectric loss, TAND: 0.001 Metal: Cu 0.01 mm
Click the Synthesis button to determine the line’s parameters: Width, W: 0.522178 mm Keff: 5.871
To specify a 1/4 wavelength line, enter: Electrical length, E: 90
Click Synthesis again to determine the corresponding physical length: Physical length, P: 3.09306 mm
The loss of the medium can be observed by sweeping frequency. Sweep from 5 to 50 GHz in steps of 5 GHz by typing 5,50,5 in the Frequency field. Click Analysis. The results of the frequency sweep are as follows:
Grounded Coplanar Waveguide Analysis G = 0.500mm H/G = 1.3 ER = 9.80 TAND = 0.00100 T/G = 0.0200 Freq W/(W+2G) W Z0 Keff C Loss D loss T Loss ghz mm Ohm (db/mm ) (db/mm ) (db/mm ) 5.0 0.343 0.522 49.95 5.871 0.0033 0.0010 0.0043 10.0 0.343 0.522 49.95 5.871 0.0046 0.0020 0.0067 15.0 0.343 0.522 49.95 5.871 0.0057 0.0031 0.0087 20.0 0.343 0.522 49.95 5.871 0.0065 0.0041 0.0106 25.0 0.343 0.522 49.95 5.871 0.0073 0.0051 0.0124 30.0 0.343 0.522 49.95 5.871 0.0080 0.0061 0.0141 35.0 0.343 0.522 49.95 5.871 0.0086 0.0071 0.0158 40.0 0.343 0.522 49.95 5.871 0.0092 0.0082 0.0174 45.0 0.343 0.522 49.95 5.871 0.0098 0.0092 0.0190 50.0 0.343 0.522 49.95 5.871 0.0103 0.0102 0.0205
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