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Hybrid Coupler, 90-Degree, Causal Model

Hybrid Coupler, 90-Degree, Causal Model

Netlist Form

The 90-degree hybrid coupler with causal model supports both time domain and frequency domain analyses, but see Note 1 for limitations. An instance of a 90-degree hybrid coupler with causal model has the following netlist syntax:

Axxx n1 n2 n3 n4 CP=val F0=val [RO=val] COMPONENT=hyb90_causal

n1, n2, n3 and n4 are the nodes connected to the coupler. The entry COMPONENT=hyb90_causal identifies the element as a 90-degree hybrid coupler, causal model.

**90-Degree Hybrid Coupler, Causal Model Instance Parameters**
Parameter	Description	Units	Default
CP	Coupling factor (must be a positive number)	dB	3.0104
F0 (FO)	Center frequency	Hertz	None
R0 (RO)	Reference impedance	Ohm	50

Netlist Example

A87 11 21 13 44 CP=2.7 F0=1e9 COMPONENT=hyb90

Notes

1. The causal model coupler supports both time domain and frequency domain analyses. However, the frequency domain result agrees with the equivalent Circuit Simulator (HCOM) result only at the specified frequency F0.

2. The table below details the operation of the 90 degree couplers. In this table, a=10^-0.05CP in dB, A and B are voltages presented at the pins.

**Hybrid 90-Degree Coupler Operation**
Operation	n1	n2	n3	n4
Splitter with 90° phase shift (#1)	A	0
Splitter with 90° phase shift (#2)	0	A
Combiner	A	B

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